Manufacturing is the production of merchandise for use or sale using labor and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation.

Sub-industries include food and beverages, textiles and clothing, paper products, rubber, plastic, fuel and chemicals, pharmaceuticals, machinery and equipment, metal products, electronics, and motor vehicles, among others.

Wholesaling, jobbing, or distributing is the sale of goods or merchandise to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional, or other professional business users.

Retail is the sale of goods and services from individuals or businesses to the end-user.

Services is the provision of intangible products such as banking and finance, insurance, business consultancy, business process outsourcing, IT solutions, telecommunications, media, advertising, education, medical services, construction, real estate, transportation, tourism, and hospitality.